Through the ages
Yoga is a school of indian philosophy. focusing on meditation as a path to self-knowledge and liberation.
The History of Yoga spans from four to eight thousand years ago to the current day.
Explicit examples of the concept and terminology of yoga appear in the Upanishads.
After the Bhagavad Gita and Yoga Sutras, the most fundamental text of Yoga is the Hatha Yoga Pradipika, that in great detail lists all the details that are familiar to today's yoga student.
In the West, hatha yoga has become wildly popular.
Classical Period
The Classical Period is marked by another creation - the Yoga Sutra. Written by Patanjali around the second century, it was an attempt to define and standardize Classical Yoga. It is composed of 195 aphorisms or sutras (from the Sanskrit word which means thread) that expound upon the Raja Yoga and its underlying principle, Patanjali's Eightfold path of Yoga (also called Eight Limbs of Classical Yoga).
These are:
Yama, which means social restraints or ethical values;
Niyama, which is personal observance of purity, tolerance, and study;
Asanasor physical exercises;
Pranayama, which means breath control or regulation;
Pratyahara or sense withdrawal in preparation for Meditation;
Dharana, which is about concentration;
Dhyana, which means Meditation; and
Samadhi, which means ecstasy.
Patanjali's concept was dominant for some centuries that some Yogis focused exclusively on Meditation and neglected their Asanas. It was only later that the belief of the body as a temple was rekindled and attention to the importance of the Asana was revived.
Post-Classical Yoga
Up to this day, Yoga continues to proliferate and spread its teachings, crossing the boundaries of culture and language.
Citations
Shayne Amor Bance, Yoga History, ABC-of-Yoga,
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